project:technology_timeline:start
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project:technology_timeline:start [2017/05/30 20:14] – [Genetics and medicine] bluebear | project:technology_timeline:start [2017/05/30 20:24] – [Genetics and medicine] bluebear | ||
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^ Year ^ Event ^ Importance+Links ^ | ^ Year ^ Event ^ Importance+Links ^ | ||
+ | | 1924 | First **electroencephalography (EEG)** measurements on human (by Hans Berger) | | | ||
| 1953 | Double-helix DNA structure discovered by Wattson, Crick and Franklin | Beginning of modern molecular genetics | | | 1953 | Double-helix DNA structure discovered by Wattson, Crick and Franklin | Beginning of modern molecular genetics | | ||
| 1962 | First demonstration of neurogenesis in an adult mammal brain (Joseph Altman) | Up to this discovery it was believed that neurons are never newly created in adult brain | | | 1962 | First demonstration of neurogenesis in an adult mammal brain (Joseph Altman) | Up to this discovery it was believed that neurons are never newly created in adult brain | | ||
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| 1985 | **PCR** (polymerase chain reaction) discovered by Karry Mullis | The very basic stone of modern genetic analysis | | | 1985 | **PCR** (polymerase chain reaction) discovered by Karry Mullis | The very basic stone of modern genetic analysis | | ||
| 1985 | fNIRS (functional near-infrared spectroscopy) first applied on a human | Used to see blood flow in various parts of the brain | | | 1985 | fNIRS (functional near-infrared spectroscopy) first applied on a human | Used to see blood flow in various parts of the brain | | ||
- | | 1989 | T-killer cells altered to attack a specified target | Zelig Eshar shows that T-killer immunity cells can be re-targeted to attack any other cell of choice (by replacing the targeting receptor); this is considered the start of CAR-T antitumor therapy. | | + | | 1989 | T-killer cells altered to attack a specified target | Zelig Eshar shows that T-killer immunity cells can be re-targeted to attack any other cell of choice (by replacing the targeting receptor); this is considered the start of **CAR-T** antitumor therapy. | |
| 1990 | **Human genome project** officially launched | | | | 1990 | **Human genome project** officially launched | | | ||
- | | 1992 | Functional | + | | 1992 | **Functional |
+ | | 1996 | **Dolly the sheep**, the first animal cloned from somatic cell | | | ||
| 1998 | **Viagra** (sildenafil) approved by FDA for erectile dysfunction | A medicine originally meant for treating hypertension proved its effect on erectile dysfunction | | 1998 | **Viagra** (sildenafil) approved by FDA for erectile dysfunction | A medicine originally meant for treating hypertension proved its effect on erectile dysfunction | ||
| 2001 | **" | | 2001 | **" | ||
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| 2003 | First idea of **gene drive** | A self-promoting gene or casette that spreads to offspring with extreme probability, | | 2003 | First idea of **gene drive** | A self-promoting gene or casette that spreads to offspring with extreme probability, | ||
| 2003 | **Human Genome Project** officially declared successfully completed | | | | 2003 | **Human Genome Project** officially declared successfully completed | | | ||
+ | | 2004 | **Milwaukee protocol** | Medical regimen able to rescue patients with symptomatic rabies (using pharmacologically induced coma with nutrient replacements), | ||
| 2005 | " | | 2005 | " | ||
- | | 2006 | 23andme launched | The first personal genetics web service, provides genetic analysis from saliva sample sent by mail. https:// | + | | 2006 | **23andme** launched | The first personal genetics web service, provides genetic analysis from saliva sample sent by mail. https:// |
| 2006 | **Induced pluripotent cell (iPSC)** technology discovered | By Shinya Yamanaka, Kyoto; yielded Nobel Prize in 2012) | | | 2006 | **Induced pluripotent cell (iPSC)** technology discovered | By Shinya Yamanaka, Kyoto; yielded Nobel Prize in 2012) | | ||
- | | 2006 | Vaccine against human papilloma virus (HPV) | | + | | 2006 | Vaccine against |
| 2008 | Primitive but multi-layered **brain-like organoids** grown from stem cells | By Yoshiki Sasai et al., RIKEN, Tokyo | | | 2008 | Primitive but multi-layered **brain-like organoids** grown from stem cells | By Yoshiki Sasai et al., RIKEN, Tokyo | | ||
| 2011 | Price of whole-genome sequencing now at 5000 USD per genome (Illumina Inc.) | | | 2011 | Price of whole-genome sequencing now at 5000 USD per genome (Illumina Inc.) | | ||
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| 2017 | **Minified Cas9-like enzyme** from Campylobacter jejuni used in medicine | Small enough to allow building an all-in-one adenovirus-coated capsule for CRISPR-Cas9 editing in vivo; first use was a test of treatment of retinitis pigmentosa. doi: | | 2017 | **Minified Cas9-like enzyme** from Campylobacter jejuni used in medicine | Small enough to allow building an all-in-one adenovirus-coated capsule for CRISPR-Cas9 editing in vivo; first use was a test of treatment of retinitis pigmentosa. doi: | ||
| 2017 | Mouse embryo cultivated from embryonic stem cells and developed in vitro for 7 days | This is about 1/3 of mouse pregancy period, just before the embryo implants into the mother' | | 2017 | Mouse embryo cultivated from embryonic stem cells and developed in vitro for 7 days | This is about 1/3 of mouse pregancy period, just before the embryo implants into the mother' | ||
- | | 2017 | Atlas of long non-coding RNA sequences (with precise 5' ends) launched at RIKEN, Tokyo | doi: | + | | 2017 | Atlas of **long non-coding RNA** sequences (with precise 5' ends) launched at RIKEN, Tokyo | doi: |
| 2017 | FDA approves first anti-cancer drug, pembrolizumab, | | 2017 | FDA approves first anti-cancer drug, pembrolizumab, | ||
project/technology_timeline/start.txt · Last modified: 2017/05/30 21:12 by maxfx