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+{{template>:project:infobox | name=BSD OS Systems | image=freebsd.jpg?200| sw=BSD| hw=BSD| founder=
+[[user:maxfx]]|
+interested=[[user:ruza]]\\
+[[user:malanius]]\\
+[[user:rainbof]]\\
+[[user:ray]]\\
+[[user:foonix]] | status=active }}
+~~META:
+status = active
+&relation firstimage = :project:freebsd.jpg
+~~
+====== BSD OS Systems ======
+====== FreeBSD ======
+**FreeBSD** is a freely available and open source implementation of the Berkeley version of the UNIX operating system.This system is in the same family of operating systems as Solaris, AIX, HP-UX, and Digital UNIX. The original UNIX operating system can trace its roots back to the 1960s. The designers of UNIX created a design so flexible and powerful that even 30 years later, UNIX (and thus FreeBSD as well) remains one of the most versatile, well-respected operating systems available. It runs on the following platforms: **AMD64, ARM, ARM64, I386, MIPS, PC98, PPC, SPARC, XBOX, RPI, PICO**. FreeBSD offers advanced networking, performance, security and compatibility features today which are still missing in other operating systems, even some of the best commercial ones.
+[[https://brmlab.cz/lib/exe/detail.php?id=project:freebsd:start&media=project:freebsd-boot-screen.png|{{:project:freebsd-boot-screen.png?800|}}]]
+====== Goals and ideas project ======
+ * More information about FreeBSD OS.
+ * More information about network layer
+ * More information about kernel
+ * Porting kernel for other unfriendly platforms
+ * Porting or Run kernel for other unfriendly android mobile phones or tablets.
+ * More desktops with BSD ! ....
+====== Derivates FreeBSD OS ======
+^  Derivate FreeBSD  ^  Use      ^  Link                                                                                        ^   ^
+| FreeBSD            | Easy use  | [[https://www.freebsd.org/|https://www.freebsd.org/]]                                        |   |
+| TrueOS / PCBSD     | Easy use  | [[https://www.trueos.org/|https://www.trueos.org/]]                                          |   |
+| GhostBSD           | Easy use  | [[http://www.ghostbsd.org/|http://www.ghostbsd.org/]]                                        |   |
+| DesktopBSD         | Easy use  | [[http://www.desktopbsd.net/|http://www.desktopbsd.net/]]                                    |   |
+| HardenedBSD        | Easy use  | [[https://hardenedbsd.org/|https://hardenedbsd.org/]]                                        |   |
+| MidnightBSD        | Easy use  | [[http://www.midnightbsd.org/|http://www.midnightbsd.org/]]                                  |   |
+| DragonFly          | Easy use  | [[https://www.dragonflybsd.org/|https://www.dragonflybsd.org/]]                              |   |
+| TrustedBSD         | Easy use  | [[http://www.trustedbsd.org/|http://www.trustedbsd.org/]]                                    |   |
+| Frenzy             | Easy use  | [[http://frenzy.org.ua/eng/|http://frenzy.org.ua/eng/]]                                      |   |
+| Debian FreeBSD     | Easy use  | [[https://wiki.debian.org/Debian_GNU/kFreeBSD|https://wiki.debian.org/Debian_GNU/kFreeBSD]]  |   |
+| Gentoo FreeBSD     | Easy use  | [[https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Gentoo_FreeBSD|https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Gentoo_FreeBSD]]  |   |
+| Raspbsd            | Easy use  | [[http://www.raspbsd.org/|http://www.raspbsd.org/]]                                          |   |
+| Freesbie           | Easy use  | [[http://www.freesbie.org/|http://www.freesbie.org/]]                                        |   |
+| MfsBSD             |           | http://mfsbsd.vx.sk/                                                                         |   |
+| True-Pico          |           | [[https://www.trueos.org/trueos-pico/|https://www.trueos.org/trueos-pico/]]                  |   |
+|                    |           |                                                                                              |   |
+\\
+====== Information about FreeBSD ======
+==== Comparing BSD and Linux ====
+[[https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/articles/explaining-bsd/index.html | Explaining BSD]]
+[[https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/articles/explaining-bsd/comparing-bsd-and-linux.html | Comparing BSD and linux]]
+==== For Beginner  ====
+[[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YncqBz0bZcQ | How To Get a GUI In FreeBSD - Beginner Class]]
+[[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MZaZjK-cOYc | FreeBSD 11.1 Installation + GNOME Desktop + Apps + Guest Additions on Oracle VirtualBox [2017] ]]
+[[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qKQFIPent8o | FreeBSD 11.1 Installation + XFCE Desktop + Apps + Guest Additions on Oracle VirtualBox [2017]  ]]
+[[https://websetnet.com/how-to-install-freebsd-10-2-with-mate-desktop/ | FreeBSD Installation + MATE Desktop + UFS]]
+==== FreeBSD is not Windows ===
+[[http://vtbsd.net/notwindows.html]]
+==== FreeBSD Myth (For linux users) ====
+[[https://wiki.freebsd.org/Myths|https://wiki.freebsd.org/Myths]]
+[[https://www.freebsd.org/advocacy/myths.html#closed-model]]
+==== FreeBSD features ====
+[[https://www.freebsd.org/features.html]]
+==== FreeBSD tips and tricks ====
+[[https://calomel.org/freebsd_network_tuning.html | FreeBSD network tuning]]
+[[https://calomel.org/network_performance.html | Network performance]]
+[[https://cooltrainer.org/a-freebsd-desktop-howto/]]
+[[http://www.packetwatch.net/documents/guides/2008030201.php]]
+[[https://home.nuug.no/~peter/pf/en/|Firewalling with OpenBSD's PF packet filter]]
+[[https://www.freebsdnews.com/2017/07/18/building-bsd-home-router-pt-4-installing-pfsense/ | Building-bsd-home-router-pt-4-installing-pfsense/]]
+[[https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/a-comparative-introduction-to-freebsd-for-linux-users | comparative-introduction-to-freebsd-for-linux-users ]]
+[[http://truelogic.org/wordpress/2015/09/24/freebsd-how-to-clean-and-rebuild-all-ports-with-portmaster/|How to clean and rebuild all ports with Portmaster]]
+[[http://www.wonkity.com/~wblock/docs/html/disksetup.html]]
+[[http://www.freebsdmadeeasy.com/tutorials/freebsd/schedule-tasks-with-crontab.php| schedule-tasks-with-crontab]]
+[[http://blog.up-link.ro/how-to-set-up-a-freebsd-router-step-by-step-tutorial/ | Freebsd router step by step]]
+[[https://unixblogger.com/2011/10/18/the-pain-of-an-realtek-rtl8111rtl8168-ethernet-card/ | The pain of a Realtek (RTL8111/RTL8168) ethernet card]]
+[[http://blog.ataboydesign.com/2014/04/23/freebsd-10-mounting-usb-drive-with-ext4-filesystem/ | Mounting drive with ext4 filesystem]]
+[[https://www.garron.me/en/bits/change-permissions-recursively.html | Change permissions]]
+[[https://unrelenting.technology/articles/freebsd-on-the-thinkpad-x240 | Freebsd on the Thinkpad x240]]
+==== FreeBSD Video ====
+[[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wwbO4eTieQY | FreeBSD: Not a Linux Distro, George Neville-Neil   ]]
+[[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ps67ECyh0sM | FreeBSD is not a Linux distribution: Philip Paes]]
+[[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nwbqBdghh6E | FreeBSD Kernel Internals, Dr. Marshall Kirk McKusick ]]
+[[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UfiTV9QWhM4 | An Overview of Locking in the FreeBSD Kernel - Kirk McKusick, EuroBSDcon 2012 ]]
+[[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E04LxKiu79I | An Overview of Security in the FreeBSD Kernel, Dr. Marshall Kirk McKusick ]]
+[[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ds77e3aO9nA | A Narrative History of BSD, Dr. Kirk McKusick]]
+[[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_oWcfUt9QUs | Systems, Science and FreeBSD, George Neville-Neil]]
+[[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cofKxtIO3Is | Convincing a Linux guy to use FreeBSD :-) ]]
+[[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ib7tFvw34DM | The Trouble with FreeBSD ]]
+[[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D-iKNtfBySg | The Realities of DTrace on FreeBSD, by George Neville Neil (EuroBSDcon 2017)]]
+[[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WnCClGMzB58 | Tuning FreeBSD for routing and firewalling, by Olivier Cochard-Labbé (EuroBSDcon 2017)]]
+[[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NMUf6VGK2fI | Brian Kidney: The Realities of DTrace on FreeBSD - BSDCan 2017 ]]
+[[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XnO4S7kb7vg | What is FreeBSD by Gavin Atkinson]]
+[[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A5rmG2j4Lk8 | Case Study: Switching from Linux to FreeBSD ]]
+[[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mri66Uz6-8Y | Jordan Hubbard - FreeBSD: The Next 10 Years]]
+[[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TneLO5TdW_M | Rick Reed - WhatsApp: Half a billion unsuspecting FreeBSD users]]
+==== FreeBSD Video ZFS ====
+[[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8f9TREeqb5o | An introduction to the implementation of ZFS by Kirk McKusick]]
+[[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IQp_FglfzUQ | ZFS Internals Overview by Kirk McKusick ]]
+==== FreeBSD Video ASIANBSDCON 2018 ====
+[[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e1B_6iGY2lU | P01A: Institutionalizing FreeBSD Isolated and Virtualized Hosts -- Michael Dexter]]
+[[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SLlzep0IxVY | P02A: Tuning FreeBSD for routing and firewalling -- Olivier Cochard Labbe]]
+[[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bwbLuQDoxuQ | P03A: PC BSD evolves into TrueOS - Kris Moore]]
+[[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y5cx9hEhxfE | P04A: FreeBSD ARM32ARM64 Porting to a new board - Emmanuel Vadot]]
+[[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NeJ2ztPasso | P05A: Profiling the FreeBSD kernel boot -- Colin Percival]]
+[[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FzF9e4jrnJ4 | P06A: Role based Access Control in BCHS Web Applications -- Kristaps Dzonsons]]
+[[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vOVoylirkUU | P07A: OpenBSD/x-ray: OpenBSD on medical x-ray machines -- Henning Brauer]]
+[[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bBLSvTQY7xw | P08A: Improving netdump hardware support and performance with iflib -- Sam Gwydir]]
+[[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9mOFFovdAw0 | P09A: Introducing FreeBSD VPC -- Sean Chittenden]]
+[[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lcrnXQ7xp7k | AsiaBSDCon 2018 Work in Progress Session and Closing]]
+==== FreeBSD Kernel Porting ====
+[[https://www.bidouilliste.com/blog/2015/11/27/Porting-FreeBSD-to-a-new-ARM-Board-Part-1/]]
+[[https://www.bidouilliste.com/blog/2015/11/27/Porting-FreeBSD-to-a-new-ARM-Board-Part-2/]]
+[[https://www.bidouilliste.com/blog/2015/11/27/Porting-FreeBSD-to-a-new-ARM-Board-Part-3/]]
+[[https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-install-and-manage-ports-on-freebsd-10-1]]
+[[https://bsdimp.blogspot.cz/2007/10/building-bootable-freebsdi386-images.html]]
+[[https://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/research/security/ctsrd/pdfs/201403-asiabsdcon2014-freebsd-smp-boot.pdf]]
+[[https://www.bsdcan.org/2008/schedule/attachments/49_2008_uboot_freebsd.pdf]]
+[[http://www.strugglingcoder.info/index.php/category/freebsd/]]
+[[http://www.isysop.com/unpacking-and-repacking-u-boot-uimage-files/]]
+[[https://github.com/bitboss-ca/freebsd-arm-tools]]
+[[http://blog.khubla.com/freebsd/building-u-boot-for-chromebook]]
+[[http://www.nikoopour.com/2015/03/]]
+[[https://raybsd.blogspot.cz/2012/12/]]
+[[http://distkeys.com/blog/2014/08/03/inside-freebsd/ ]]
+==== FreeBSD Kernel for beringer ====
+[[https://bsdmag.org/basic-unix-queuing-techniques/]]
+[[https://bsdmag.org/unix-kernel-system-calls/]]
+[[https://bsdmag.org/dynamic-memory-allocation-unix-systems/]]
+==== FreeBSD Port ====
+[[https://networking.ringofsaturn.com/Unix/createportpatch.php| Creating a FreeBSD Port Patch]]
+==== FreeBSD Jails ====
+[[https://clinta.github.io/freebsd-jails-the-hard-way/]]
+[[https://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/howto-setup-freebsd-jail-with-ezjail/]]
+[[https://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/how-to-install-and-configure-jails-on-freenas-corral-10/]]
+[[https://gundersen.net/32bit-jail-on-64bit-freebsd/]]
+[[https://medium.com/chris-opperwall/quick-jail-updating-in-freebsd-f7c6bb52c6de]]
+[[https://www.kirkg.us/posts/how-to-configure-a-freebsd-jail-on-a-digital-ocean-droplet/]]
+==== How to build package ====
+=== Poudriere ===
+[[https://www.freebsd.org/doc/handbook/ports-poudriere.html | Building Packages with Poudriere]]
+[[https://github.com/freebsd/poudriere/wiki | Poudriere wiki]]
+=== Making new port ===
+[[http://www.freebsd.cz/doc/en/books/porters-handbook/own-port.html | Making a New Port]]
+==== How to Become a FreeBSD Committer ====
+[[https://wiki.freebsd.org/BecomingACommitter | How to Become a FreeBSD Committer]]
+==== FreeBSD Sound ====
+[[https://wiki.jriver.com/index.php/Mixing]]
+[[https://people.freebsd.org/~ariff/SOUND_4.TXT.html]]
+==== Steam on FreeBSD ====
+[[https://github.com/SteamOnFreeBSD/SteamOnFreeBSD | Steam on FreeBSD]]
+==== FreeBSD as Bitcoin Full Node ====
+[[https://bsdmag.org/5374-2/]]
+==== Avoiding Linuxisms ====
+[[https://wiki.freebsd.org/AvoidingLinuxisms]]
+==== Quick start for Linux users ====
+[[http://www.freebsd.cz/doc/en/articles/linux-users/article.html|http://www.freebsd.cz/doc/en/articles/linux-users/article.html]]
+^ Purpose                                 | FreeBSD command      ^ Linux® command (Red Hat)  ^ Linux® command (Debian)  ^
+| Install package from remote repository  | pkg install package  | yum install package       | apt-get install package  |
+|  Install local package                  | pkg add package      | rpm -ivh package          | dpkg -i package          |
+|  List installed packages                | pkg info             | rpm -qa                   | dpkg -l                  |
+|  List PCI devices                       | pciconf              | lspci                     | lspci                    |
+|  List loaded kernel modules             | kldstat              | lsmod                     | lsmod                    |
+|  Load/Unload kernel modules             | kldload / kldunload  | modprobe                  | modprobe                 |
+|  Trace system calls                     | truss                | strace                    | strace                   |
+==== FreeBSD handbook ====
+{{ :project:freebsd:book.pdf | FreeBSD handbook}}
+[[https://wiki.freebsd.org/ZFSTuningGuide | ZFS Tuninig guide]]
+==== Support Laptops ====
+[[https://wiki.freebsd.org/Laptops|https://wiki.freebsd.org/Laptops]]
+==== Tuning Power Laptops ====
+[[https://wiki.freebsd.org/TuningPowerConsumption]]
+====== First step after installation FreeBSD ======
+The first step after installation system is good download security patches for the operating system
+and download new files for operating system and install.
+<code>
+freebsd-update fetch install
+shutdown -r now
+</code>
+Next step is to update ports collection for the operating system.
+for updating information for FreeBSD ports developers is /usr/ports/CHANGES
+<code>
+portsnap auto
+or
+portsnap fetch
+portsnap extract
+</code>
+Update ports is east command
+<code>
+portsnap fetch update
+</code>
+Security audit for package and FreeBSD
+<code>
+pkg audit -F
+</code>
+====== Apply security patches FreeBSD update, upgrade ======
+==== Apply security patches ====
+<code>
+freebsd-update fetch
+freebsd-update install
+</code>
+==== Upgrade FreeBSD ====
+<code>
+freebsd-update fetch
+freebsd-update upgrade -r 11.0-RELEASE or other version
+freebsd-update install
+</code>
+====== Desktop Environments ======
+FreeBSD has several desktop environments - Xfce4, Mate, Gnome3, Cinnamon, KDE, Lumina
+==== How install Mate desktop ====
+<code>
+pkg install mate-desktop mate xorg slim
+</code>
+Enable components for kernel in etc/rc.conf
+You need enable this component:
+<code>
+zfs_enable="YES"  - if you use ZFS file system
+hald_enable="YES"
+dbus_enable="YES"
+slim_enable="YES"
+</code>
+if you want to enable crash dump, if don't you write "NO"
+<code>
+dumpdev="AUTO"
+</code>
+Next step is create file .xinitrc in /root/ and /home/user/ with command
+<code>
+exec mate-session
+</code>
+  and reboot.
+==== How install Xfce desktop ====
+<code>
+pkg install xfce4-desktop xfce xorg slim
+</code>
+Enable components for kernel in etc/rc.conf
+You need to run desktop
+<code>
+zfs_enable="YES"  - if you use ZFS file system
+hald_enable="YES"
+dbus_enable="YES"
+slim_enable="YES"
+</code>
+if you want to enable crash dump, if don't you write "NO"
+<code>
+dumpdev="AUTO"
+</code>
+Next step is create file .xinitrc in /root/ and /home/user/ with command
+<code>
+exec startxfce4
+</code>
+  and reboot.
+==== How to set slim theme ====
+<code>
+# pkg install slim-themes
+# cd /usr/local/share/slim/themes
+# fetch http://daemon-notes.com/downloads/assets/themes/slim-freebsd.tar.bz2
+# tar jxvf slim-freebsd.tar.bz2
+# rm slim-freebsd.tar.bz2
+Edit and set /usr/local/etc/slim.conf
+#current_theme       default
+current_theme       freebsd
+</code>
+==== Optimus on Freebsd ====
+Comment out Nvidia-related parts from your [[ https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?xorg.conf | xorg.conf ]]:
+<code>
+...
+Section "Device"
+    Identifier  "Card0"
+    Driver      "intel"
+    BusID       "PCI:0:2:0"
+EndSection
+#Section "Device"
+#   Identifier  "Card1"
+#   Driver      "nvidia"
+#   BusID       "PCI:1:0:0"
+#EndSection
+...
+</code>
+Then add the following bits to [[ https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?rc.conf | rc.conf(5) ]]:
+<code>
+kld_list='i915kms'
+</code>
+==== NTPD ====
+==== NTPD synchronize ====
+<code>
+ntpdate_enable="YES"
+ntpdate_hosts="in.pool.ntp.org"
+</code>
+Or manually update time and date
+<WRAP center round important 60%>
+securelevel on 2 then you cannot set time only about second.
+</WRAP>
+<code>
+ntpdate -b pool.ntp.org
+sudo service ntpd start
+</code>
+==== Disable Beep ====
+<code>
+# sysctl hw.syscons.bell=0
+# reboot
+</code>
+or if you use XFCE
+<code>
+set bell-style none
+</code>
+==== Enable sudo ====
+You must edit sudoers file
+<code>
+visudo
+</code>
+==== Change standard shell to fish ====
+You must add line in /etc/shells for example fish shell
+<code>
+/usr/local/bin/fish
+</code>
+Change shell and path your favorite shell
+<code>
+chsh -s /usr/local/bin/fish
+</code>
+=== Aliases ===
+[[http://bin63.com/cool-bash-aliases-for-freebsd | Cool aliases ]]
+=== Paths for shell ===
+If you need PATH for example compiler or some options
+<code>
+# ASAN settings
+set -x ASAN_SYMBOLIZER_PATH /usr/local/llvm50/bin/llvm-symbolizer
+set -x ASAN_OPTIONS verbosity=1
+set -x ASAN_OPTIONS symbolize=1
+set -x ASAN_OPTIONS detect_stack_use_after_scope=1
+# UBSAN settings
+set -x UBSAN_SYMBOLIZER_PATH /usr/local/llvm50/bin/llvm-symbolizer
+set -x UBSAN_OPTIONS verbosity=2
+# MSAN
+set -x MSAN_SYMBOLIZER_PATH /usr/local/llvm50/bin/llvm-symbolizer
+set -x MSAN_OPTIONS fsanitize-memory-track-origins=2
+set -x MSAN_OPTIONS verbosity=2
+set -x MSAN_OPTIONS symbolize=1
+</code>
+==== Nano tuning ====
+<code>
+set constantshow
+set smooth
+set autoindent
+set casesensitive
+set historylog
+set morespace
+syntax "comments" ".*"
+color blue "^#.*"
+## nanorc files
+include "/usr/local/share/nano/asm.nanorc"
+include "/usr/local/share/nano/awk.nanorc"
+include "/usr/local/share/nano/c.nanorc"
+include "/usr/local/share/nano/cmake.nanorc"
+include "/usr/local/share/nano/css.nanorc"
+include "/usr/local/share/nano/debian.nanorc"
+include "/usr/local/share/nano/fortran.nanorc"
+include "/usr/local/share/nano/gentoo.nanorc"
+include "/usr/local/share/nano/groff.nanorc"
+include "/usr/local/share/nano/html.nanorc"
+include "/usr/local/share/nano/java.nanorc"
+include "/usr/local/share/nano/makefile.nanorc"
+include "/usr/local/share/nano/man.nanorc"
+include "/usr/local/share/nano/mgp.nanorc"
+include "/usr/local/share/nano/mutt.nanorc"
+include "/usr/local/share/nano/nanorc.nanorc"
+include "/usr/local/share/nano/objc.nanorc"
+include "/usr/local/share/nano/ocaml.nanorc"
+include "/usr/local/share/nano/patch.nanorc"
+include "/usr/local/share/nano/perl.nanorc"
+include "/usr/local/share/nano/php.nanorc"
+include "/usr/local/share/nano/pov.nanorc"
+include "/usr/local/share/nano/python.nanorc"
+include "/usr/local/share/nano/ruby.nanorc"
+include "/usr/local/share/nano/sh.nanorc"
+include "/usr/local/share/nano/tcl.nanorc"
+include "/usr/local/share/nano/tex.nanorc"
+include "/usr/local/share/nano/xml.nanorc"
+</code>
+==== Mount Devices ====
+==== Mount msdosfs ====
+<code>
+# ls /dev/da*
+# mount_msdosfs /dev/da0 /media/usb
+</code>
+==== Mount ext2/ext3/ext4 ====
+Fuse-ext2 mounts an ext2/ext3/ext4 partition or image file
+For control kernels fuse modules is command:
+<code>
+kldstat
+</code>
+If you don't have fuse.ko module in the kernel
+you use this command
+<code>
+kldload fuse
+</code>
+Then mount your partition
+<code>
+fuse-ext2  /dev/your_partition /media/
+</code>
+==== Mount NTFS ====
+For mounting ntfs file system you must kernel module loaded.
+For control kernels fuse modules is command:
+<code>
+kldstat
+</code>
+and load FUSE kernel module:
+<code>
+kldload fuse
+</code>
+and then you can mount ntfs filesystem.
+<code>
+# ls /dev/da*
+# ntfs-3g  /dev/your_partition  /mnt/
+</code>
+==== Automounting Removable Media ====
+Uncomment in config file in /etc/auto_master
+<code>
+/media		-media		-nosuid
+</code>
+Add lines to /etc/devd.conf
+<code>
+notify 100 {
+	match "system" "GEOM";
+	match "subsystem" "DEV";
+	action "/usr/sbin/automount -c";
+};
+</code>
+Reload service
+<code>
+service automount reload
+service devd restart
+</code>
+and added configuration /etc/rc.conf
+<code>
+autofs_enable="YES"
+</code>
+======  Portmaster ======
+<code>
+portmaster -L - Check all update for ports
+portmaster -a - Upgrade ports
+portmaster -af - Rebuild of installed application
+</code>
+======  Debug ports ======
+Just put the following in /etc/make.conf and then recompile the ports
+you want to include debug symbols:
+<code>
+WITH_DEBUG=	yes
+</code>
+more information
+<code>
+/usr/ports/Mk/bsd.port.mk
+</code>
+====== Compiling programs ======
+==== Python3, Py3-QT5 ====
+First thing is to add version python to /etc/make.conf .If you haven't this file you must create.
+This conf file is for every compilation in system.
+<code>
+DEFAULT_VERSIONS+= python=3.5 python3=3.5
+</code>
+Next step is compile with default version python3.5
+<code>
+sudo portmaster python3
+</code>
+===== How to setup MYSQL Database =====
+The first step is the installation
+<code>
+sudo pkg install mysql56-server
+</code>
+next step is enable in /etc/rc.conf
+<code>
+sudo sysrc mysql_enable=yes
+</code>
+Remember to run mysql_upgrade the first time you start the MySQL server after an upgrade from an earlier version.
+Now start MYSQL Server
+<code>
+sudo service mysql-server start
+</code>
+then set database
+<code>
+sudo mysql_secure_installation
+</code>
+====== Jails =====
+Simple script for create jail on zfs filesystem
+<code bash>
+#!/bin/sh
+########################################################################
+# Donwload i386 base, ports tree FreeBSD OS
+# and unpack base OS to your jail folder
+########################################################################
+name_jail="freebsd386"
+arch_jail="i386"
+# Create new zfs dataset for jail - only once
+#zfs create -o mountpoint=/usr/local/jails zroot/jails
+# Create jail folder
+zfs create zroot/jails/$name_jail
+rm /tmp/base.txz
+rm /tmp/ports.txz
+echo "Fetching package from FreeBSD server ..."
+fetch ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/releases/$arch_jail/11.1-RELEASE/base.txz -o /tmp/base.txz
+fetch ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/releases/$arch_jail/11.1-RELEASE/ports.txz -o /tmp/ports.txz
+mkdir /usr/local/jails/$name_jail
+echo "Unpacking Freebsd base OS ..."
+tar -xf /tmp/base.txz -C /usr/local/jails/$name_jail
+tar -xf /tmp/ports.txz -C /usr/local/jails/$name_jail
+cp /etc/resolv.conf /usr/local/jails/$name_jail/etc
+echo "Done"
+</code>
+/etc/jail.conf
+<code>
+# /etc/jail.conf
+# Global settings applied to all jails.
+exec.start = "/bin/sh /etc/rc";
+exec.stop = "/bin/sh /etc/rc.shutdown";
+exec.clean;
+mount.devfs;
+# The jail definition for freebsd386
+freebsd386 {
+    host.hostname = "freebsd386.domain.local";
+    path = "/usr/local/jails/freebsd386";
+    interface = "lagg0";
+    ip4.addr = 10.0.2.15;
+}
+</code>
+Packet forwarding
+<code>
+#Define the interfaces
+ext_if = "em0"
+int_if = "lagg0"
+jail_net = $int_if:network
+#Define the NAT for the jails
+nat on $ext_if from $jail_net to any -> ($ext_if)
+</code>
+Run jail
+<code>
+bsd@ ~> sudo jail -c freebsd386
+bsd@ ~> jls
+bsd@ ~> sudo jail -m jid=28 allow.raw_sockets=1
+</code>
+====== ZFS =====
+===== Mount ZFS =====
+<code>
+zpool import
+</code>
+For control command mount.
+===== Mount ZFS from Live CD =====
+<code>
+zpool import -fR /media zroot
+</code>
+===== Tuning zfs on i386 ====
+If you will have i386 OS you must set wm.kmem_size="512M" and vm.kmem_size_max="" is minimal value.
+This is little tunables
+more information on http://www.freebsd.cz/doc/handbook/zfs-advanced.html
+<code>
+vfs.zfs.prefetch_disable=0
+vm.kmem_size="512M"
+vm.kmem_size_max="768M"
+vfs.zfs.arc_max="40M"
+vfs.zfs.vdev.cache.size="5M"
+</code>
+===== Resize partition =====
+We added space for virtual disk (VirtualBox, or other)
+but we have disk CORRUPT
+<code>
+lol@ ~/> gpart show ada0
+=>      40  41942960  ada0  GPT  (39G) [CORRUPT]
+      1024     1  freebsd-boot  (512K)
+       984        - free -  (492K)
+   4194304     2  freebsd-swap  (2.0G)
+   4196352  37744640     3  freebsd-zfs  (18G)
+  41940992      2008        - free -  (1.0M)
+</code>
+Fix is easy :
+<code>
+gpart recover ada0
+</code>
+Now we need resize partion 3.
+<code>
+lol@ ~/> gpart show
+=>      40  81919920  ada0  GPT  (39G)
+      1024     1  freebsd-boot  (512K)
+       984        - free -  (492K)
+   4194304     2  freebsd-swap  (2.0G)
+   4196352  37744640     3  freebsd-zfs  (18G)
+  41940992  39978968        - free -  (19G)
+</code>
+<code>
+lol@ ~/> zpool list
+NAME    SIZE  ALLOC   FREE  EXPANDSZ   FRAG    CAP  DEDUP  HEALTH  ALTROOT
+zroot  17.9G  17.3G   621M         -    76%    96%  1.00x  ONLINE  -
+</code>
+For device is Busy , we have set this value:
+<code>
+lol@ ~/> sysctl kern.geom.debugflags=16
+kern.geom.debugflags: 0 -> 16
+</code>
+Now resize partition number 3
+<code>
+lol@ ~/> gpart show
+=>      40  81919920  ada0  GPT  (39G)
+      1024     1  freebsd-boot  (512K)
+       984        - free -  (492K)
+   4194304     2  freebsd-swap  (2.0G)
+   4196352  37744640     3  freebsd-zfs  (18G)
+  41940992  39978968        - free -  (19G)
+lol@ ~/> sudo gpart resize -i 3 ada0
+ada0p3 resized
+lol@ ~/> gpart show
+=>      40  81919920  ada0  GPT  (39G)
+      1024     1  freebsd-boot  (512K)
+       984        - free -  (492K)
+   4194304     2  freebsd-swap  (2.0G)
+   4196352  77723608     3  freebsd-zfs  (37G)
+</code>
+Last step with zfs pool:
+<code>
+lol@ ~/> sudo zpool set autoexpand=on zroot
+lol@ ~/> sudo zpool online -e zroot ada0p3 ada0p3
+</code>
+Control space in zpool.Size of zroot is right.
+<code>
+lol@ ~/> zpool list
+NAME    SIZE  ALLOC   FREE  EXPANDSZ   FRAG    CAP  DEDUP  HEALTH  ALTROOT
+zroot    37G  17.3G  19.7G         -    36%    46%  1.00x  ONLINE  -
+</code>
+<code>
+lol@ ~/Desktop> sudo sysctl kern.geom.debugflags=0
+kern.geom.debugflags: 16 -> 0
+</code>
+====== Virtualbox ======
+===== Virtuabox in FreeBSD =====
+Added line with kernel module to /boot/loader.conf
+<code>
+vboxdrv_load="YES"
+</code>
+Added line for bridged or host-only networking to /etc/rc.conf
+<code>
+vboxnet_enable="YES"
+</code>
+Added to group
+<code>
+pw groupmod vboxusers -m yourusername
+chown root:vboxusers /dev/vboxnetctl
+chmod 0660 /dev/vboxnetctl
+</code>
+Permanent permisions added lines to /etc/devfs.conf
+<code>
+own     vboxnetctl root:vboxusers
+perm    vboxnetctl 0660
+</code>
+===== FreeBSD as guest Virtualbox =====
+Write to /etc/rc.conf
+<code>
+vboxguest_enable="YES"
+vboxservice_enable="YES"
+</code>
+======  Wifi and FreeBSD  ======
+===== How to setup WIFI card =====
+<code>
+pciconf -l - look for if see wifi hardware
+sudo ifconfig wlan0 create wlandev wpi0
+sudo wpa_supplicant -i wlan0 -c /etc/wpa_supplicant.conf
+</code>
+===== How to setup USB WIFI =====
+Add kernel module to /boot/loader.conf
+<code>
+# Kenel drives for wifi
+if_ath_load="YES"
+if_iw_load="YES"
+# Next wifi modules
+wlan_wep_load="YES"
+wlan_ccmp_load="YES"
+wlan_tkip_load="YES"
+</code>
+Add to configure /etc/rc.conf this lines.
+Configure you wifi device.
+<code>
+wlans_run0="wlan0"
+create_args_wlan0="wlanmode sta country CZ mtu 1500 indoor"
+</code>
+Look to your hardware if you have drivers.
+<code>
+# Look for if see wifi hardware (wpi, run0)
+pciconf -l
+# Create a device with name wlan0
+sudo ifconfig wlan0 create wlandev wpi0
+# Create wpa_supplicant configure file with ssid network
+sudo wpa_supplicant -i wlan0 -c /etc/wpa_supplicant.conf
+# Scan your wifi networks
+ifconfig wlan0 up scan
+SSID/MESH ID    BSSID              CHAN RATE   S:N     INT CAPS
+lol        00:13:46:49:41:76   11   54M -90:96   100 EPS  WPA WME
+trololo    00:11:95:c3:0d:ac    1   54M -83:96   100 EPS  WPA
+# IP address from DHCP server
+sudo dhclient wlan0
+</code>
+====== GELI ======
+<code>
+Install CD -> Partition -> Shell
+gpart create -s gpt vtbd0
+gpart add -t freebsd-boot -s 512k -a 4k vtbd0
+gpart add -t freebsd-ufs -a 1M vtbd0
+gpart bootcode -b /boot/pmbr -p /boot/gptboot -i 1 vtbd0
+geli init -b -g vtbd0p2
+geli attach vtbd0p2
+newfs -j /dev/vtbd0p2.eli
+mount /dev/vtbd0p2.eli /mnt
+- /tmp/bsdinstall_etc/fstab
+/dev/vtbd0p2.eli / ufs rw,noatime 1 1
+- /tmp/bsdinstall_boot/loader.conf
+geom_eli_load="YES"
+exit (installer will continue)
+Change  /dev/vtbd0p2.eli to gptid/rawuuid (gpart list):
+/dev/gptid/015ceb9a-90a4-11e6-b8fc-1392a9ed1847 / ufs rw,noatime 1 1
+</code>
+====== FreeBSD Kernel ======
+=== Source code FreeBSD kernel ===
+<code>
+sudo pkg install subversion
+sudo svn checkout https://svn0.us-east.FreeBSD.org/base/stable/you_version_system /usr/src
+svn up /usr/src
+</code>
+=== Profiling and debugging kernel ===
+{{ :project:freebsd:profiling_debugging_freebsd_kernel_321772.pdf |}}
+=== Performance observality tools ===
+{{:project:freebsd:freebsd_performance_observability_tools.png?600|}}
+}===== Kernel module =====
+<code>
+Simple kernel module.
+https://github.com/Martinfx/FreeBSD-Kernel-module
+</code>
+====== FreeBSD Security ======
+===== Security on FreeBSD =====
+To check the status of the securelevel on a running system: Add to /etc/sysctl.conf
+<code>
+kern.securelevel=2
+security.bsd.see_other_uids=0
+security.bsd.stack_guard_page=1
+net.inet.ip.random_id=1
+</code>
+more : [[http://www.freebsd.cz/doc/faq/security.html|http://www.freebsd.cz/doc/faq/security.html]]
+===== Enabling and Utilizing Process Accounting =====
+Tracking information such as CPU statistics and executed commands.
+<code>
+touch /var/account/acct
+chmod 600 /var/account/acct
+accton /var/account/acct
+echo 'accounting_enable="YES"' >> /etc/rc.conf
+</code>
+======  ACPI ======
+===== IBM ACPI =====
+If you use notebooks, is better enable acpi driver in /boot/loader.conf For IBM notebooks is command:
+<code>
+acpi_ibm_load="YES"
+</code>
+===== HP ACPI =====
+If you use notebooks, is better enable acpi driver in /boot/loader.conf For HP notebooks is command:
+<code>
+acpi_hp_load="YES"
+</code>
+More : [[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?acpi_ibm|https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?acpi_ibm]]
+====== Linux® Binary Compatibility ======
+<code>
+# kldload linux
+# kldload linux64
+# kldstat - you can look for modules
+   72 0xffffffff80200000 1fa7c38  kernel
+    1 0xffffffff821a9000 30aec0   zfs.ko
+    2 0xffffffff824b4000 adc0     opensolaris.ko
+...
+    1 0xffffffff827bc000 389f4    linux64.ko
+and add line to /etc/rc.conf:
+linux_enable="YES"
+</code>
+====== Troubleshooting with FreeBSD ======
+===== SSH =====
+==== Too many authentication failures ====
+If You are not able to authenticate via ssh and message "Too many authentication failures" is logged in /var/log/auth.log you probably have more than 2 keys loaded in your ssh agent that are failing to authenticate. To solve this unload keys you are not using from ssh agent (ssh-add -d path/ ssh-add -D), use ssh -i path_to_key or create an appropriate section in your ~/.ssh/config with IdentityFile.
+===== BOOT on FreeBSD =====
+ ==== Fatal double fault FreeBSD 10.3 - i386 , FreeBSD 11 - i386  ====
+{{:project:freebsd:img_20170101_174458_hdr.jpg?600|}}
+The fatal double fault is a problem on FreeBSD - i386 with ZFS file system.
+As described in /usr/src/UPDATING entry 20121223, rebuilding the kernel with options KSTACK_PAGES=4 has been observed to resolve the boot-time crash.
+This, however, is not an ideal solution for inclusion in the GENERIC kernel configuration, as increasing KSTACK_PAGES
+implicitly decreases available usermode threads in an environment that is already resource-starved.
+You must do this steps for new kernel:
+<code>
+# mkdir -p /usr/src
+# svnlite co svn://svn.freebsd.org/base/releng/10.2 /usr/src
+# make -C /usr/src kernel-toolchain
+# printf "include GENERIC\noptions KSTACK_PAGES=4\n" > /usr/src/sys/i386/conf/ZFS
+# make -C /usr/src buildkernel KERNCONF=ZFS
+# make -C /usr/src installkernel KERNCONF=ZFS
+</code>
+For FreeBSD 10.3 - More information on page https://www.freebsd.org/releases/10.3R/errata.html
+For FreeBSD 11.0 - More information on page https://www.freebsd.org/releases/11.0R/errata.html
+==== How to boot from live CD ====
+If you have a problem with boot on FreeBSD and cannot run the system.
+{{:project:freebsd:img_20170101_174458_hdr.jpg?600|}}
+Back to FreeBSD menu and choose option 3. ( Escape to loader prompt )
+For help in command line is command help or ? (list of commands )
+help set are options for the command set
+{{:project:freebsd:img_20170102_192147_hdr.jpg?600|}}
+For boot from CD is commnad
+<code>
+set boot_cdrom (for mount filesystem)
+boot
+</code>
+{{:project:freebsd:img_20170105_201210_hdr.jpg?600|}}
+Look for a mounted filesystem with command mount.If you haven't zfs filesystem mounted you must run command and connect zpool :
+<code>
+zpool import -f zroot
+</code>